Diable: Efficient Dialogue State Tracking as Operations on Tables

Sequence-to-sequence state-of-the-art systems for dialogue state tracking (DST) use the full dialogue history as input, represent the current state as a list with all the slots, and generate the entire state from scratch at each dialogue turn. This approach is inefficient, especially when the number of slots is large and the conversation is long. In this paper, we propose _Diable_, a new task formalisation that simplifies the design and implementation of efficient DST systems and allows one to easily plug and play large language models. We represent the dialogue state as a table and formalise DST as a table manipulation task. At each turn, the system updates the previous state by generating table operations based on the dialogue context. Extensive experimentation on the MultiWoz datasets demonstrates that _Diable_ _(i)_ outperforms strong efficient DST baselines, _(ii)_ is 2.4x more time efficient than current state-of-the-art methods while retaining competitive Joint Goal Accuracy, and _(iii)_ is robust to noisy data annotations due to the table operations approach.