Exploring the Significance of Remote Leadership Competencies in the Virtual Workplace: A Systematic Literature Review

Remote working practices which involve performing professional work activities outside of the central workplace have gained considerable popularity over the years. However, leading remotely located employees is seemingly difficult. Therefore, this systematic literature review provides an in-depth understanding of the association between remote work and leadership competencies by collating data from twenty-one research studies between 2001 and 2019. A combination of quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods designs revealed that trust and relationship-building skills, communication skills and technology skills are fundamental for effective remote leadership practice. Problem-solving skills and creating and maintaining awareness were also observed; however, with less significance. This review may be of considerable importance for academics to continue the theoretical advancement of research into remote working and practitioners to implement and manage remote leadership behaviours more effectively. Limitations and future directions are discussed.