Differentiated Risk Assessment of Power Grid Engineering Cost Data Based on 5G and Blockchain Technologies

Due to the complex geographical locations, vast spans, and lengthy construction periods of power grid projects, these undertakings are heavily influenced by external environmental factors, market dynamics, and human interventions, leading to frequent data variability and making cost management challenging. To enhance the efficiency and accuracy of data management, this study employs blockchain technology to establish a data structure for power grid projects that ensures data integrity, supports process monitoring, and facilitates data traceability. Additionally, a probabilistic analysis model for power grid project data has been developed. This model uses an improved differential evolution algorithm to analyze the impact of various random factors on data changes, thereby determining the optimal risk level for power grid projects and designing a differentiated risk management process based on blockchain. The integration of 5G technology further enhances the system's capability for real-time data processing and transmission speed. The use of 5G ensures rapid and reliable data transmission from the field to the management center, supports more efficient real-time monitoring, and timely updates, which are crucial for precise cost control and adapting to rapidly changing market conditions. Practical applications demonstrate that this approach, combining blockchain and 5G technologies, significantly improves the reliability and flexibility of cost data management for power grid projects, enabling more detailed and efficient management of data across different grid projects.