Ming Wu

Mind the Cost of Scaffold! Benign Clients May Even Become Accomplices of Backdoor Attack

2024 · arXiv (Cornell University)

By using a control variate to calibrate the local gradient of each client, Scaffold has been widely known as a powerful solution to mitigate the impact of data heterogeneity in Federated Learning. Although Scaffold achieves …

A Quantitative and Comparative Study of Syntactic Complexity of Subclasses of English Nominal Clauses

2025 · Journal of Quantitative Linguistics

This study examines the syntactic complexity of English nominal clauses, utilizing two key metrics – clause type and position – in a corpus-based analysis of 6,481 annotated sentences. The research targets subject, object, appositive, and …