A Bleeding Edge or a Cutting Edge? A Systematic Review of ChatGPT and English as a Second and/or Foreign Language Learners’ Writing Abilities

This systematic review, adhering to PRISMA guidelines (Page et al., 2021), examines the educational implications of ChatGPT, an AI language model by OpenAI, on the writing abilities of English as a Second and/or Foreign Language (ESL/EFL) learners. Relying on data from academic databases like Scopus and Web of Science, the review integrates both statistical techniques