TO THE IDEA OF THE VARIETY OF COGNITION TYPES: SPECIFICITY AND STATUS OF PRACTICAL SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE

One of the main directions of development in the modern philosophy of cognition lies in the study of cognition as an internally diverse process, including fundamentally different ways of cognitive activity, which interact and complement each other. The most universal of them are ordinary, scientific, artistic, religious and mythological cognition. The article is devoted to the substantiation of the idea to add to this list of knowledge types the specialized practical (or subject-practical) knowledge as a specific way of producing knowledge in the framework of complicated practical activity. The specialized nature distinguishes this type of knowledge from ordinary one, and the orientation toward efficiency, as opposed to the search for truth, gives a difference from scientific knowledge. The description of varieties of specialized practical knowledge allows to demonstrate its prevalence in culture.