Hardware and software tools for teaching the basics of quantum informatics to students of specialized (high) schools

The article defines the criteria for choosing a cloud-based platform for mastering the basics of quantum informatics by students of a specialized (high) schools: cross-browser; intuitive interface; the possibility of free access; access without registration and simplified registration; the presence of a systematized reference system with examples; support for the development of the environment by the developer; support for working in a personal educational environment; support for working with quantum algorithms in graphical mode; automatic conversion of quantum algorithms from graphic format to program code text; support for the Ukrainian-language localization; availability of a mobile application; responsive design. The possibilities of platforms for implementing quantum algorithms from the following companies are analyzed: Microsoft, QuTech, Amazon Braket, IBM. The choice of the IBM Quantum cloud-based platform is justified. Work at IBM Quantum Composer and IBM Quantum Lab is described. Information about quantum operations and gates is presented: their designation in IBM Quantum Composer and IBM Quantum Lab, the gate matrix, and the purpose of the gate. An example of implementing quantum teleportation in the form of a circuit and program is given.