Towards Flow Scheduling in A Quantum Data Center

We propose an architecture for future quantum data centers with the scheduling of quantum computing flows, which integrates quantum processors, quantum switches, and quantum networks. The versatility of these data centers is discussed, highlighting their role in distributed quantum computing and quantum multi-party protocols, which include quantum cryptography and multi-party computation. We address a key challenge within this proposed architecture, namely entanglement flow scheduling which resembles its counterpart in classical data centers. Classical flow scheduling algorithms are examined and benchmarked against our proposed metrics which evaluate fairness and efficiency. We believe the proposed architecture can help to develop quantum data centers that can address the limitation of near-future Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. We expect our work can inspire more research on the design of future quantum data centers.