Technologies of Solar Tracking Systems for PV Panels

Solar energy is a sustainable energy resource all over the world, but usually the amount of energy captured by solar panels is minimal because the panels are installed at a specific angle of inclination to capture the highest level of sun radiation during the day. The best performance of photovoltaic systems can be achieved if the panel remains perpendicular to the sun's radiation direction. To obtain the maximum output power of the panels, scientists have found that this is achieved by making them as perpendicular to the solar radiation falling on them as possible and this is done by solar trackers known as " Solar Trackers". In order to ensure the optimal angle of incidence of solar radiation on the surfaces of the panels, the solar panel Tracker tracks the sun's rays throughout the day. This study aims to discover the best orientation for photovoltaic panels by analyzing several sun tracking techniques. Several types of solar tracking technology have been discussed, such as chronometric, active, and passive solar trackers. The degrees of motion of uniaxial and biaxial solar tracking systems are also discussed. This study also included a summary of tracking technologies' performance and the benefits and drawbacks of current solar tracking systems.